After spending time in London this week at H+K’s European headquarters, I wanted to offer my thoughts on the political and economic landscape in Europe.
Last week, the world watched as Francois Hollande won a critical victory over incumbent Nicolas Sarkozy in the French presidential elections. The French decision comes at a particularly tumultuous time for Europe, as eurozone countries attempt to balance financial solvency against the public’s fatigue with austerity measures. As is no surprise, the election has prompted a range of opinions and perspectives on how Hollande’s win will affect not only France, but Europe and the world at large.
Nicholas Burns, professor of the practice of diplomacy and international politics at Harvard University’s Kennedy School of Government, re-affirms France’s role as a crucial player in some of the world’s most important challenges, including the eurozone crisis, NATO and Middle Eastern affairs. With that in mind, and in conjunction with rising unemployment rates, unpopular austerity measures and a stalling economy, Burns warns that France’s new leader does not have an easy road ahead of him.
Hollande ran on a platform of public trust, assuring voters that things in France would, in fact, change. Throughout his campaign, Hollande positioned himself as the anti-austerity candidate, and was careful to avoid the idea of the inevitability of tough reforms. This strategy seems more in line with like-minded European leaders such as the UK’s Cameron and Italy’s Monti. Hollande employed a high-risk strategy, promising voters several measures that observers are unsure he will be able to deliver. It will be interesting to see how the presidential transition in the eurozone’s second-largest economy will play out in the face of these challenges.
Much speculation has focused on the Franco-German partnership that lies at the center of the European Union and the euro currency. This partnership, which was previously nurtured by German Chancellor Angela Merkel and French President Sarkozy, created a unified approach to dealing with the eurozone crisis, in spite of criticisms from their respective countries and members of the EU. Some experts, including Vladislav Belov, head of the Centre of German Studies at the Institute of Europe, believe that Hollande will continue on this unified path. Belov believes that Hollande has been wise in his approach to this crucial relationship, making his first official meeting as president one with Merkel. Belov goes further, saying that France’s ambition to keep a leading position relies on the understanding that, without a strong partnership with Germany, the country will only suffer economic and political losses.
In addition to maintaining France’s relationship with Germany, Hollande will also need to consider his relationship with the French public, especially given the upcoming legislative elections in June. Because Hollande needs a socialist majority in the French parliament in order to implement his policies, it is crucial that he court voters in the coming weeks or risk his influence being severely diminished.
With German presidential elections approaching in 2013, Merkel faces a similar challenge of maintaining a strong relationship with her voters as well as the European community. In recent state elections, Merkel’s party, the Christian Democrats, suffered a critical defeat — a likely reflection of public dissatisfaction in Germany.
Niall Ferguson, professor of history at Harvard University, believes that Merkel’s “German prescription of austerity tax hikes and spending cuts in the teeth of recession is losing political credibility with every passing week.” Due to the shift in European politics as well as in her own country, Merkel may be in danger of being isolated and losing the authoritative edge she once had. Both Hollande and Merkel have found themselves in the challenging position of balancing their political careers, their allegiance to their countries and the well-being of Europe as a whole.
Of course, the looming concern for both Hollande and Merkel is Greece’s financial insolvency. With the country facing a mounting debt and an uncertain leadership situation, its problems have resonated heavily across both the continent and the globe, with international stocks showing a sharp decline in response to the potential exit by Greece from the eurozone. It will be interesting to see how this will spread to the economies of other nations as well as to their respective political landscapes. Frederic Neumann, co-head of Asian economics research at HSBC in Hong Kong, believes this will have a significant effect on developing economies, saying, “Things look very shaky in Europe and the U.S. economy is decelerating. The last thing we need is for the emerging world to downshift. Unfortunately the data today points in that direction.”
There is no doubt that what plays out in Europe over the next few months will have a lasting impact that cuts across geographies, economies and politics. France and Germany are but two countries in a European electorate that has signaled a clear desire for change — ruling coalitions in Italy, Greece, Holland and Spain preceded them with defeats at the hands of a restless public.
And the U.S. will also soon be faced with some difficult choices. Looming in December is the expiration of the Bush tax cuts and payroll tax cut, the approach of the debt limit, and the activation of automatic cuts mandated by a previous budget agreement.
U.S. leaders should take note. A combination of austerity fatigue and anti-incumbent sentiment in the public is proving dangerous for European leaders focused solely on slashing spending and reducing deficits — in spite of some strong rationale for it.
Whether the European public views austerity measures as ineffective, or believes they should be balanced with growth measures that create jobs and build confidence, it has shown no hesitancy to make its displeasure known. But in an increasingly interconnected world, Europe’s problems are the world’s problems, and the European public is the world’s public. And governments, corporations and institutions everywhere must listen.
Jack
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Jack Martin
JMartinTexas@gmail.com
98 San Jacinto Blvd., Suite 1200
Austin, Texas 78701
512-432-1750


